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Home » Raw Herbs ยป Bulb

Allium sativum  L.

   

Botanical Name

:

Allium sativum L.

English Name

:

Garlic, Poor-mans-treacle, Clove garlic

Synonym(s)

:

Porrum sativum, Reichenb. Allium ophioscorodon, Don.

Family

:

Liliaceae

 

General Info

Description

The leaves are long, narrow and flat like grass. The bulb is of a compound nature, consisting of numerous bulblets, known technically as 'cloves,' grouped together between the membraneous scales and enclosed within a whitish skin, which holds them as in a sac. The flowers are placed at the end of a stalk rising direct from the bulb and are whitish, grouped together in a globular head, or umbel, with an enclosing kind of leaf or spathae, and among them are small bulbils.

Herb Effects

Anthelmintic, antiasthmatic, anticholesterolemic, antiseptic, cancer, cholagogue, diaphoretic, diuretic, expectorant, febrifuge, stimulant, stomachic, tonic, vasodilator, lowers serum blood cholesterol (while increasing the level of HDL), lowers blood fats, stimulates detoxifying enzymes (from the liver), antioxidant, antibiotic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, ascaricide and certain other parasites.

Links

Garlic
Allium sativum
Floridata
Therapeutic Actions
Botanical.com

Chemistry

Active Ingredients

Adenosine, ajoene, alanine, allicin, alliin, allyl propyl disulphide, alpha-phellandrene, alpha-tocopherol, arachidonic acid, arginine, aspartic acid, beta-phellandrene, biotin, caffeic acid, choline, citral, cycloallin, cystine, diallyl disulphide, diallyl-sulfide, diallyl-tetrasulfide, diallyl-trisulfide, ferulic acid, geraniol, glutamic acid, glutathione, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, methionine, nicotinic acid, p-coumaric acid, phenylalanine, quercetin, tryptophan, tyrosine (bulb); ascorbic acid, beta-carotene, niacin, riboflavin, thiamin (leaf, flower, bulb, shoot); beta-sitosterol, chlorogenic acid, kaempferol, oleanolic acid, oleic acid, p-hydroxy-benzoic acid, rutin, stigmasterol, succinic acid, taurine, (plant); ornithine (leaf)

Chemistry of Active Ingredients
Product Categories

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Product Categories
Allyl propyl disulphide 2179-59-1 3-propyldisulfanylpr
op-1-ene
C6H12S2 Click Here To Enlarge
Diallyl disulphide 2179-57-9 3-prop-2-enyldisulfa
nylprop-1-ene
C6H10S2 Click Here To Enlarge
Alliin 17795-27-6 2-amino-3-prop-2-eny
lsulfinyl-propanoic
acid
C6H11NO3S Click Here To Enlarge
Riboflavin Not Available Not Available C17H21N4O9P Click Here To Enlarge
Niacin 99148-57-9 pyridine-3-carboxyli
c acid
C6H5NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
Adenosine Not Available 2-(6-aminopurin-9-yl
)-5-(hydroxymethyl)o
xolane-3,4-diol
C10H13N5O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Ajoene 92285-01-3 3-[(E)-3-prop-2-enyl
sulfinylprop-1-enyl]
disulfanylprop-1-ene
C9H14OS3 Click Here To Enlarge
Alanine 35597-43-4 2-[2-[2-amino-4-(hyd
roxy-methyl-phosphor
yl)-butanoyl]aminopr
opanoylami no]propa
noic acid
C11H22N3O6P Click Here To Enlarge
alpha-Phellandrene 2243-33-6 2-methyl-5-propan-2-
yl-cyclohexa-1,3-die
ne
C10H16 Click Here To Enlarge
Alpha-tocopherol 364-50-1 2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-
2-(5,9,13-trimethylt
etradecyl)chroman-6-
ol
C30H52O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Arachidonic acid 7771-44-0 icosa-5,8,11,14-tetr
aenoic acid
C20H32O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Arginine 7004-12-8 2-amino-5-guanidino-
pentanoic acid
C6H14N4O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Aspartic acid 6899-03-2 2-aminobutanedioic
acid
C4H7NO4 Click Here To Enlarge
beta-Phellandrene 555-10-2 3-methylidene-6-prop
an-2-yl-cyclohexene
C10H16 Click Here To Enlarge
Biotin 58073-87-3 5-(7-oxo-3-thia-6,8-
diazabicyclo[3.3.0]o
ct-2-yl)pentanoic
acid
C10H16N2O3S Click Here To Enlarge
Caffeic acid Not Available 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)prop-2-enoic acid
C9H8O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Choline 67-48-1 2-hydroxyethyl-trime
thyl-ammonium
C5H14NO+ Click Here To Enlarge
Citral 96680-15-8 3,7-dimethylocta-2,6
-dienal
C10H16O Click Here To Enlarge
Cycloallin 455-41-4 (5S)-5-methyl-1-oxo-
1,4-thiazinane-2-car
boxylic acid
C6H11NO3S Click Here To Enlarge
Cystine 24645-67-8 2-amino-3-(2-amino-2
-carboxy-ethyl)disul
fanyl-propanoic acid
C6H12N2O4S2 Click Here To Enlarge
Diallyl sulfide 592-88-1 3-prop-2-enylsulfany
lprop-1-ene
C6H10S Click Here To Enlarge
Ferulic acid 24276-84-4 3-(4-hydroxy-3-metho
xy-phenyl)prop-2-eno
ic acid
C10H10O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Geraniol 8007-13-4 3,7-dimethylocta-2,6
-dien-1-ol
C10H18O Click Here To Enlarge
Glutamic acid Not Available 2-aminopentanedioic
acid
C5H9NO4 Click Here To Enlarge
Glutathione 27025-41-8 2-amino-5-[2-[2-(4-a
mino-4-carboxy-butan
oyl)amino-2-(carboxy
methylcarb amoyl)et
hyl]disulfanyl-1-(ca
rboxymethylcarbamoyl
)ethyl]amino-5-oxo-p
en tanoic acid
C20H32N6O12S2 Click Here To Enlarge
Glycine 87867-94-5 2-aminoacetic acid C2H5NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
Histidine 6027-02-7 2-amino-3-(3H-imidaz
ol-4-yl)propanoic
acid
C6H9N3O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Isoleucine 319-78-8 2-amino-3-methyl-pen
tanoic acid
C6H13NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
Methionine 348-67-4 2-amino-4-methylsulf
anyl-butanoic acid
C5H11NO2S Click Here To Enlarge
Nicotinic acid 99148-57-9 pyridine-3-carboxyli
c acid
C6H5NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
P-coumaric acid 501-98-4 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)p
rop-2-enoic acid
C9H8O3 Click Here To Enlarge
Phenylalanine 3617-44-5 2-amino-3-phenyl-pro
panoic acid
C9H11NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
Quercetin Not Available 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-3,4,5-trihydroxy
-chromen-7-one
C15H10O7 Click Here To Enlarge
Tryptophan 80206-30-0 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-
3-yl)propanoic acid
C11H12N2O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Tyrosine 556-02-5 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxy
phenyl)-propanoic
acid
C9H11NO3 Click Here To Enlarge
Ascorbic Acid Not Available 2-(1,2-dihydroxyethy
l)-4,5-dihydroxy-fur
an-3-one
C6H8O6 Click Here To Enlarge
beta-Carotene Not Available 3,7,12,16-tetramethy
l-1,18-bis(2,6,6-tri
methyl-1-cyclohexeny
l)-octadec a-1,3,5,
7,9,11,13,15,17-nona
ene
C40H56 Click Here To Enlarge
Thiamin 59-43-8 2-[3-[(4-amino-2-met
hyl-pyrimidin-5-yl)m
ethyl]-4-methyl-1-th
ia-3-azoni acyclope
nta-2,4-dien-5-yl]et
hanol
C12H17N4OS+ Click Here To Enlarge
Beta-sitosterol 5779-62-4 17-(5-ethyl-6-methyl
-heptan-2-yl)-10,13-
dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9
,11,12,14,
C29H50O Click Here To Enlarge
Chlorogenic acid 327-97-9 3-[3-(3,4-dihydroxyp
henyl)prop-2-enoylox
y]-1,4,5-trihydroxy-
cyclohexan e-1-carb
oxylic acid
C16H18O9 Click Here To Enlarge
Kaempferol 80714-53-0 3-[3-[4,5-dihydroxy-
6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-
[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
(hydroxyme thyl)oxa
n-2-yl]oxy-oxan-2-yl
]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6
-(hydroxymethyl)oxan
-2 -yl]oxy-4,5-dihy
droxy-2-(4-hydroxyph
enyl)-chromen-7-one
C33H40O21 Click Here To Enlarge
Oleanolic acid 508-02-1 10-hydroxy-2,2,6a,6b
,9,9,12a-heptamethyl
-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a
,10,11,12,
13,14b-tetradecahydr
opicene-4a-carboxyli
c acid
C30H48O3 Click Here To Enlarge
Oleic acid 8046-01-3 octadec-9-enoic acid C18H34O2 Click Here To Enlarge
p-Hydroxybenzoic acid 99-96-7 4-hydroxybenzoic
acid
C7H6O3 Click Here To Enlarge
Rutin Not Available 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-
[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
[(3,4,5-tr ihydroxy
-6-methyl-tetrahydro
pyran-2-yl)oxymethyl
]tetrahydropyran-2-y
l] oxy-chromen-7-on
e trihydrate
C27H36O19 Click Here To Enlarge
Stigmasterol 4736-55-4 17-(4-ethyl-1,5-dime
thyl-hex-2-enyl)-10,
13-dimethyl-1,2,4,5,
6,7,8,9,10 ,11,12,1
3,14,15,16,17-hexade
cahydrocyclopenta[a]
phenanthren-3-one
C29H48O Click Here To Enlarge
Succinic acid 6283-68-7 butanedioic acid C4H6O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Taurine 91105-79-2 2-aminoethanesulfoni
c acid
C2H7NO3S Click Here To Enlarge
Ornithine 1069-31-4 (2R)-2,5-diaminopent
anoic acid
C5H12N2O2 Click Here To Enlarge

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

Arteriosclerosis, arthritis, asthma, athlete's foot; bladder, kidney and ear (including earache) ailments, boils, bronchitis, cancer, canker sores, common cold, corns, cough, dysmenorrhea, indigestion, fever, infections, inflammations, influenza and leukemia.

Contraindication

Five commonly used herbs St John's wort, ginkgo biloba, valerian, garlic, and ginseng in Denmark were reported to produce potential drug interactions and adverse effects in clinical practice hence recommended for discontinuation before surgery. [Article in Danish] (Kistorp and Laursen, 2002).


Review of herb-drug interactions suggests Feverfew, garlic, Ginkgo, ginger, and ginseng may alter bleeding time and should not be used concomitantly with warfarin (Miller, 1998).

Reference

Amagase H. Milner JA. Impact of various sources of garlic and their constituents on 7.12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene binding to mammary cell DNA. Carcinogenesis 1993 Aug;14(8):1627-31.


Chandel et al., Biodiversity in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in India.

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